Milk glycan metabolism by intestinal bifidobacteria: insights from comparative genomics.

IF 6.2 2区 生物学 Q1 BIOCHEMISTRY & MOLECULAR BIOLOGY
Aleksandr A Arzamasov, Andrei L Osterman
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引用次数: 0

Abstract

Bifidobacteria are early colonizers of the human neonatal gut and provide multiple health benefits to the infant, including inhibiting the growth of enteropathogens and modulating the immune system. Certain Bifidobacterium species prevail in the gut of breastfed infants due to the ability of these microorganisms to selectively forage glycans present in human milk, specifically human milk oligosaccharides (HMOs) and N-linked glycans. Therefore, these carbohydrates serve as promising prebiotic dietary supplements to stimulate the growth of bifidobacteria in the guts of children suffering from impaired gut microbiota development. However, the rational formulation of milk glycan-based prebiotics requires a detailed understanding of how bifidobacteria metabolize these carbohydrates. Accumulating biochemical and genomic data suggest that HMO and N-glycan assimilation abilities vary remarkably within the Bifidobacterium genus, both at the species and strain levels. This review focuses on the delineation and genome-based comparative analysis of differences in respective biochemical pathways, transport systems, and associated transcriptional regulatory networks, providing a foundation for genomics-based projection of milk glycan utilization capabilities across a rapidly growing number of sequenced bifidobacterial genomes and metagenomic datasets. This analysis also highlights remaining knowledge gaps and suggests directions for future studies to optimize the formulation of milk-glycan-based prebiotics that target bifidobacteria.

肠道双歧杆菌的牛奶糖代谢:比较基因组学的启示。
双歧杆菌是人类新生儿肠道的早期定植菌,对婴儿的健康有多种益处,包括抑制肠道病原体的生长和调节免疫系统。母乳喂养的婴儿肠道中普遍存在某些双歧杆菌物种,这是因为这些微生物能够选择性地觅食母乳中的糖类,特别是母乳低聚糖(HMO)和N-连接糖。因此,这些碳水化合物是很有前景的益生元膳食补充剂,可刺激肠道微生物群发育受损儿童肠道中双歧杆菌的生长。然而,要合理配制基于牛奶聚糖的益生元,就必须详细了解双歧杆菌是如何代谢这些碳水化合物的。不断积累的生化和基因组数据表明,双歧杆菌属内的 HMO 和 N-糖同化能力在物种和菌株水平上都存在显著差异。本综述侧重于对各自生化途径、转运系统和相关转录调控网络的差异进行划分和基于基因组的比较分析,为基于基因组学的牛奶糖利用能力预测提供基础,这些预测涉及快速增长的双歧杆菌基因组测序和元基因组数据集。这项分析还强调了尚存在的知识空白,并为今后优化以双歧杆菌为目标的牛奶糖基益生元配方的研究提出了方向。
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来源期刊
CiteScore
14.90
自引率
0.00%
发文量
6
期刊介绍: As the discipline of biochemistry and molecular biology have greatly advanced in the last quarter century, significant contributions have been made towards the advancement of general medicine, genetics, immunology, developmental biology, and biophysics. Investigators in a wide range of disciplines increasingly require an appreciation of the significance of current biochemical and molecular biology advances while, members of the biochemical and molecular biology community itself seek concise information on advances in areas remote from their own specialties. Critical Reviews in Biochemistry and Molecular Biology believes that well-written review articles prove an effective device for the integration and meaningful comprehension of vast, often contradictory, literature. Review articles also provide an opportunity for creative scholarship by synthesizing known facts, fruitful hypotheses, and new concepts. Accordingly, Critical Reviews in Biochemistry and Molecular Biology publishes high-quality reviews that organize, evaluate, and present the current status of high-impact, current issues in the area of biochemistry and molecular biology. Topics are selected on the advice of an advisory board of outstanding scientists, who also suggest authors of special competence. The topics chosen are sufficiently broad to interest a wide audience of readers, yet focused enough to be within the competence of a single author. Authors are chosen based on their activity in the field and their proven ability to produce a well-written publication.
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